Understanding “O Salutaris Hostia”

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O salutaris Hostia,

Quae caeli pandis ostium:

Bella premunt hostilia,

Da robur, fer auxilium.

Uni trinoque Domino

Sit sempiterna gloria,

Qui vitam sine termino

Nobis donet in patria.

Amen.

Prosody

The hymn/poem is composed of two stanzas of four lines each, in iambic tetrameter ((See: https://classicalliberalarts.com/resources/GILDERSLEEVE_LATIN_GRAMMAR.pdf#page=469)). Each line is composed of four iambic feet (dit-DAH dit-DAH dit-DAH dit-DAH). In English hymnody, this is called “Long Meter”. Note that there is a rhyming pattern in the hymn with alternate lines rhyming in their final two syllables.

Exposition

O: interjection, used to address another; followed by vocative case
salutaris: adjective noun, fem., sing., voc., “salutary, saving”
hostia: substantive noun, fem., sing., voc., “sacrifice”
quae: pronoun, fem., sing., voc., “which, who”
caeli: substantive noun, neut. sing, gen., “of heaven”
pandis: verb, pres, ind, act, 2nd, sing, “(you) open, expand”((pandis – “Expands” is used in the translation to help remember the original Latin term.))
ostium: substantive noun, neut, sing, acc, “(the) gate”
bella: substantive noun, neut, pl, nom, “battles”
premunt: verb, pres, ind, act. 3rd, pl, “(they) press”
hostilia: adjective noun, neut, pl, nom, “hostile”
da: verb, pres, imp, act, 2nd, sing, “give”
robur: substantive noun, neut, sing, acc, “strength”
fer: verb, pres, imp, act, 2nd, sing, “bring, confer” ((fer – “Confer” is used in the translation to help remember the original Latin term.))
auxilium: substantive noun, neut, sing, acc, “assistance”

Translation: O saving Sacrifice, who expands (the) entrance of heaven, hostile battles press [us]. Give [us] strength. Confer assistance.

uni: adjective noun, masc, sing, dat, “to [the] one”
trino: adjective noun, masc, sing, dat, “triune”
-que: conjunction, “and”
Domino: substantive noun, masc, sing, dat, “Lord”
sit: verb, pres, sub, act, 3rd, sing, “be”
sempiterna: adjective, fem, sing, nom, “eternal”
gloria: substantive noun, fem, sing, nom, “glory”
qui: pronoun, masc, sing, nom, “who”
vitam: substantive noun, fem, sing, acc, “life”
sine: preposition (+abl); “without”
termino: substantive noun, masc, sing, abl, “end”
nobis: pronoun, masc, pl, dat, “to us”
donet: verb, pres, pot, act, 3rd, sing, “can give” ((donet – “Can give” is used to express the potential mood, which seems to be implied in the text. We are not giving permission–“may give”–but confessing God’s ability to–“can give”–eternal life.))
in: preposition (+abl.), “in”
patria: substantive noun, fem, sing, abl, “homeland” ((patria – Literally “father-land”, which makes sense given it is the place where our Father dwells. See: Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “fatherland (n.),” July 2023, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/9806013960.))

Translation: To the one and triune Lord be eternal glory; who can give ot us life without end in [our] fatherland.

Amen: adverb, “so be it”.